# Mobile BCI dataset (SSVEP and ERP paradigms): EEG decoding results

SSVEP and ERP while standing, walking and running

Scalp- and ear-EEG dataset from Korea University (Lee et al., Scientific Data, 2021): 24 participants (23 for SSVEP) performed ERP and SSVEP BCI tasks on a treadmill while standing, walking and slightly running (0 to 2.0 m/s), recorded with 32-channel scalp-EEG, 14-channel ear-EEG, EOG and IMUs. Original release on OSF; NEMAR nm000201 (ERP) and nm000125 (SSVEP) are BIDS derivatives.

**Also known as** Mobile BCI dataset · Lee2021 · Lee2021Mobile · NEMAR nm000201 · NEMAR nm000125 · OSF r7s9b

Description sources [pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8688416/) · [osf.io](https://osf.io/r7s9b/) · [nemar.org](https://nemar.org/dataset/nm000125) · [nemar.org](https://nemar.org/dataset/nm000201) · [doi.org](https://doi.org/10.82901/nemar.nm000125) · [doi.org](https://doi.org/10.82901/nemar.nm000201)

## Where it appears

- [Does EEG decoding still work while walking or running?](https://bci.report/topics/on-the-move/)

## Published results

Every figure below is copied from a reviewed download, not recomputed for this page. Read each group with its protocol on the linked page.

### Movement · SSVEP, 5-second windows

Read with its protocol: [On the move](https://bci.report/topics/on-the-move/) · [deployment-topics.json](https://bci.report/data/deployment-topics.json)

**Balanced accuracy, 12 configurations.** Dot: the estimate; line: 95% interval; dashed line: chance level where the payload records one.

- Author-style CCA · Standing · scalp · 8 ch: 88.7% (80.0%–95.9%)
- Author-style CCA · Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 82.9% (74.3%–90.4%)
- Author-style CCA · Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 80.9% (72.0%–88.8%)
- Spectral ridge · Standing · scalp · 8 ch: 85.0% (77.0%–92.0%)
- Spectral ridge · Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 79.2% (70.1%–87.5%)
- Spectral ridge · Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 77.2% (67.7%–85.7%)
- Author-style CCA · Standing · ear · 14 ch: 53.1% (47.4%–59.6%)
- Author-style CCA · Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · ear · 14 ch: 43.4% (39.6%–47.8%)
- Author-style CCA · Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · ear · 14 ch: 39.1% (36.7%–41.8%)
- Spectral ridge · Standing · ear · 14 ch: 52.0% (46.9%–57.8%)
- Spectral ridge · Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · ear · 14 ch: 45.4% (40.7%–51.2%)
- Spectral ridge · Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · ear · 14 ch: 40.0% (36.4%–43.7%)

| Method | Condition | Metric | Value | People |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [Author-style CCA](https://bci.report/methods/cca/) | Standing · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 88.7% (80.0%–95.9%) | 23 |
| [Author-style CCA](https://bci.report/methods/cca/) | Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 82.9% (74.3%–90.4%) | 23 |
| [Author-style CCA](https://bci.report/methods/cca/) | Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 80.9% (72.0%–88.8%) | 23 |
| Spectral ridge | Standing · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 85.0% (77.0%–92.0%) | 23 |
| Spectral ridge | Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 79.2% (70.1%–87.5%) | 23 |
| Spectral ridge | Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 77.2% (67.7%–85.7%) | 23 |
| [Author-style CCA](https://bci.report/methods/cca/) | Standing · ear · 14 ch | Balanced accuracy | 53.1% (47.4%–59.6%) | 23 |
| [Author-style CCA](https://bci.report/methods/cca/) | Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · ear · 14 ch | Balanced accuracy | 43.4% (39.6%–47.8%) | 23 |
| [Author-style CCA](https://bci.report/methods/cca/) | Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · ear · 14 ch | Balanced accuracy | 39.1% (36.7%–41.8%) | 23 |
| Spectral ridge | Standing · ear · 14 ch | Balanced accuracy | 52.0% (46.9%–57.8%) | 23 |
| Spectral ridge | Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · ear · 14 ch | Balanced accuracy | 45.4% (40.7%–51.2%) | 23 |
| Spectral ridge | Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · ear · 14 ch | Balanced accuracy | 40.0% (36.4%–43.7%) | 23 |

### Movement · SSVEP, 2-second windows

Read with its protocol: [On the move](https://bci.report/topics/on-the-move/) · [deployment-topics.json](https://bci.report/data/deployment-topics.json)

**Balanced accuracy, 12 configurations.** Dot: the estimate; line: 95% interval; dashed line: chance level where the payload records one.

- Author-style CCA · Standing · scalp · 8 ch: 82.3% (74.6%–89.4%)
- Author-style CCA · Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 70.7% (62.3%–78.6%)
- Author-style CCA · Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 68.6% (60.1%–76.7%)
- Spectral ridge · Standing · scalp · 8 ch: 78.7% (70.7%–86.1%)
- Spectral ridge · Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 69.9% (61.2%–78.1%)
- Spectral ridge · Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 68.6% (60.4%–76.3%)
- LaBraM · Standing · scalp · 8 ch: 59.5% (53.6%–65.5%)
- LaBraM · Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 54.7% (49.5%–60.1%)
- LaBraM · Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 47.8% (43.3%–52.3%)
- CBraMod · Standing · scalp · 8 ch: 59.9% (54.3%–65.4%)
- CBraMod · Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 46.2% (41.1%–51.4%)
- CBraMod · Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch: 46.0% (42.2%–49.6%)

| Method | Condition | Metric | Value | People |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [Author-style CCA](https://bci.report/methods/cca/) | Standing · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 82.3% (74.6%–89.4%) | 23 |
| [Author-style CCA](https://bci.report/methods/cca/) | Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 70.7% (62.3%–78.6%) | 23 |
| [Author-style CCA](https://bci.report/methods/cca/) | Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 68.6% (60.1%–76.7%) | 23 |
| Spectral ridge | Standing · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 78.7% (70.7%–86.1%) | 23 |
| Spectral ridge | Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 69.9% (61.2%–78.1%) | 23 |
| Spectral ridge | Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 68.6% (60.4%–76.3%) | 23 |
| [LaBraM](https://bci.report/methods/labram/) | Standing · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 59.5% (53.6%–65.5%) | 23 |
| [LaBraM](https://bci.report/methods/labram/) | Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 54.7% (49.5%–60.1%) | 23 |
| [LaBraM](https://bci.report/methods/labram/) | Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 47.8% (43.3%–52.3%) | 23 |
| [CBraMod](https://bci.report/methods/cbramod/) | Standing · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 59.9% (54.3%–65.4%) | 23 |
| [CBraMod](https://bci.report/methods/cbramod/) | Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 46.2% (41.1%–51.4%) | 23 |
| [CBraMod](https://bci.report/methods/cbramod/) | Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 8 ch | Balanced accuracy | 46.0% (42.2%–49.6%) | 23 |

### Movement · ERP

Read with its protocol: [On the move](https://bci.report/topics/on-the-move/) · [deployment-topics.json](https://bci.report/data/deployment-topics.json)

| Method | Condition | Metric | Value | People |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Temporal-feature L2 logistic regression | Standing · scalp · 32 ch | ROC AUC | 0.859 (0.820–0.897) | 24 |
| Temporal-feature L2 logistic regression | Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · scalp · 32 ch | ROC AUC | 0.740 (0.703–0.777) | 24 |
| Temporal-feature L2 logistic regression | Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · scalp · 32 ch | ROC AUC | 0.635 (0.602–0.673) | 24 |
| Temporal-feature L2 logistic regression | Running · 2.0 m/s · scalp · 32 ch | ROC AUC | 0.586 (0.561–0.613) | 17 |
| Temporal-feature L2 logistic regression | Standing · ear · 14 ch | ROC AUC | 0.734 (0.694–0.774) | 24 |
| Temporal-feature L2 logistic regression | Slow walk · 0.8 m/s · ear · 14 ch | ROC AUC | 0.628 (0.595–0.661) | 24 |
| Temporal-feature L2 logistic regression | Fast walk · 1.6 m/s · ear · 14 ch | ROC AUC | 0.563 (0.540–0.587) | 24 |
| Temporal-feature L2 logistic regression | Running · 2.0 m/s · ear · 14 ch | ROC AUC | 0.517 (0.491–0.541) | 17 |

## Source and licence

### Mobile BCI dataset (SSVEP and ERP paradigms)

**Credit** Lee, Y., Shin, G., Lee, M., & Lee, S. (2026). Lee2021 – SSVEP paradigm of the Mobile BCI dataset (Version v1.0.2) [Data set]. NEMAR. https://doi.org/10.82901/nemar.nm000125 · Lee, Y., Shin, G., Lee, M., & Lee, S. (2026). ERP paradigm of the Mobile BCI dataset (Version v1.0.2) [Data set]. NEMAR. https://doi.org/10.82901/nemar.nm000201

CC BY 4.0 · [Dataset record ↗](https://nemar.org/dataset/nm000125) · [nemar.org ↗](https://nemar.org/dataset/nm000201) · [doi.org ↗](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-01094-4)

BCI Report does not redistribute any recording. These are aggregate measurements computed by BCI Report under the licence above; the data belong to the people credited.

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Markdown copy of https://bci.report/datasets/mobile-bci/, generated from the published page. Figures are aggregate results; terms of use: https://bci.report/data-use/