{
  "schema_version": "bci-report-logpower-ridge-update-v1",
  "release_id": "logpower-ridge-update-20261106",
  "generated_at": "2026-11-06",
  "status": "reviewed aggregate",
  "title": "Log band-power ridge (5 bands, visible channels) beside the Spectral ridge row on seven core protocols",
  "label": "log band-power ridge (5 bands, visible channels)",
  "definition": "Five log band powers (1–4, 4–8, 8–13, 13–30 and 30–45 Hz) per channel on all recorded channels of the protocol, from one Hann periodogram of each published window after removing each channel's window mean and a per-window robust amplitude scaling, read by the core ridge head (alpha 100) on the published windows and participant-held-out folds.",
  "placement": {
    "pages": [
      "/protocols/mi-rest/",
      "/protocols/beta-8ch/",
      "/protocols/beta-4ch/",
      "/protocols/arithmetic-rest/",
      "/protocols/p300-target/",
      "/protocols/semantic-target/",
      "/protocols/sleep-scalp/"
    ],
    "anchor": "logpower-ridge",
    "after_section": "results",
    "before_section": "foundation-v9",
    "methods_entry": "/methods/#log-band-power-ridge",
    "pointer_from": [
      "/topics/does-pretraining-help/"
    ],
    "pointer_carries_figures": false,
    "core_matrix_row": false,
    "home_matrix": false,
    "leaderboard": false,
    "register_row": false,
    "new_model_count": 0,
    "new_dataset_count": 0,
    "protocols_outside_scope": [
      {
        "protocol": "idle",
        "reason": "it has no Spectral ridge row and is a within-person protocol"
      }
    ],
    "text": "One section on each of the seven protocol pages that have a Spectral ridge row, after the core results and before the further-encoder rows: its table repeats the Spectral ridge row and puts this comparator directly under it. A methods section and one figure-free pointer link to it. The core matrix, the home matrix, every leaderboard and the register keep their rows."
  },
  "metric_units": {
    "level": "equal-person mean balanced accuracy; `percent` blocks are 100 × the proportion rounded to 12 decimals; a published row’s balanced_accuracy_percent is that row’s served percent value",
    "difference": "percentage points, rounded to 12 decimals"
  },
  "design": {
    "bands_hz": [
      [
        1,
        4
      ],
      [
        4,
        8
      ],
      [
        8,
        13
      ],
      [
        13,
        30
      ],
      [
        30,
        45
      ]
    ],
    "band_edges": "left-closed, right-open",
    "window_mean_removed": true,
    "input_view": {
      "resample_hz": [
        250,
        200
      ],
      "scaling": "divide by the median of the channels’ standard deviations, plus 1e-6",
      "clip_sd": 15,
      "estimator": "one periodic-Hann periodogram over the whole window",
      "log_floor": 1e-12
    },
    "channels": "all recorded channels of the protocol, as each published row used them",
    "head": {
      "scaler": "training-fold StandardScaler",
      "alpha": 100,
      "solver": "cholesky",
      "class_weight": {
        "five-fold protocols": "balanced",
        "beta": "none"
      }
    },
    "folds": {
      "five-fold protocols": 5,
      "beta": 7
    },
    "seeds": "none: deterministic closed-form fits",
    "bootstrap": {
      "draws": 10000,
      "marginal_seed": {
        "five-fold protocols": 20260919,
        "beta": 20260912
      },
      "contrast_seed": 20261105
    },
    "reading_rule": {
      "above": "interval wholly above zero",
      "below": "interval wholly below zero",
      "not separated": "interval includes zero"
    },
    "practical_margin_pp": 2,
    "multiplicity": "none"
  },
  "differences_from_spectral_ridge": {
    "core_protocols": [
      {
        "aspect": "Resolution",
        "spectral_ridge": "90 bins of 0.5 Hz per channel (2-second and 30-second windows) or 45 bins of 1 Hz (1-second windows)",
        "comparator": "5 broad bands per channel"
      },
      {
        "aspect": "Normalisation",
        "spectral_ridge": "each channel’s 0.5–45 Hz power sums to 1",
        "comparator": "one divisor per window, the median channel standard deviation, for all channels"
      },
      {
        "aspect": "Clipping",
        "spectral_ridge": "none",
        "comparator": "±15 median-channel standard deviations, before the spectrum"
      },
      {
        "aspect": "Estimator",
        "spectral_ridge": "Welch with constant detrend: one Hann segment on 2-second and 1-second windows; 29 half-overlapping 2-second segments averaged on 30-second windows",
        "comparator": "one periodic-Hann periodogram over the whole window"
      },
      {
        "aspect": "Window mean",
        "spectral_ridge": "removed per Welch segment",
        "comparator": "removed per window, before the input view"
      },
      {
        "aspect": "Sampling rate",
        "spectral_ridge": "250 Hz",
        "comparator": "200 Hz"
      },
      {
        "aspect": "Range",
        "spectral_ridge": "0.5–45 Hz inclusive",
        "comparator": "1–45 Hz, right-open"
      },
      {
        "aspect": "Transform",
        "spectral_ridge": "log of the relative density per bin",
        "comparator": "log of the absolute band integral, in scaled units"
      },
      {
        "aspect": "Head",
        "spectral_ridge": "the same scaler, alpha 100, solver, class weighting and folds",
        "comparator": "the same"
      }
    ],
    "beta": {
      "spectral_ridge": "SSVEP-specific: log1p of the Hann-windowed projection powers at the 40 target frequencies and 3 harmonics, 120 features per channel",
      "comparator": "the same 5 broad bands, 5 features per channel",
      "stated_before_scoring": "a broad-band control: 5 bands cannot resolve 40 targets 0.2 Hz apart"
    },
    "head": "the same scaler, alpha 100, solver, class weighting and folds as the Spectral ridge row"
  },
  "protocols": [
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      "id": "mi-rest",
      "dataset": "ds003810",
      "people": 10,
      "windows": 1200,
      "channels": 15,
      "classes": 2,
      "folds": 5,
      "chance_level": 0.5,
      "comparator": {
        "balanced_accuracy": 0.5733333333333334,
        "interval_95": [
          0.5441666666666667,
          0.6033333333333333
        ],
        "macro_f1": 0.5583612184270013,
        "percent": {
          "balanced_accuracy": 57.333333333333,
          "interval_95": [
            54.416666666667,
            60.333333333333
          ],
          "chance_level": 50.0
        },
        "chance_flag": null,
        "validity_gate": "pass"
      },
      "spectral_ridge": {
        "row": "spectral-ridge",
        "file": "mi-rest-results.csv",
        "balanced_accuracy_percent": 54.91666666666667,
        "recomputed_equal": true
      },
      "comparison_row": {
        "model_id": "singlem",
        "name": "SingLEM",
        "file": "foundation-models-update.json",
        "balanced_accuracy": 0.72,
        "balanced_accuracy_percent": 72.0,
        "selection": "highest-of-specified",
        "candidates": 14
      },
      "negative_control": false,
      "contrasts": [
        {
          "id": "P1",
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          ],
          "difference_pp": 2.416666666667,
          "interval_pp": [
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            5.833333333333
          ],
          "reading": "not separated",
          "at_least_practical_margin": true
        },
        {
          "id": "S1",
          "role": "secondary",
          "against": "comparison_row",
          "difference": -0.14666666666666667,
          "interval_95": [
            -0.1933333333333333,
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          "difference_pp": -14.666666666667,
          "interval_pp": [
            -19.333333333333,
            -9.75
          ],
          "reading": "below",
          "at_least_practical_margin": true
        }
      ],
      "caveats": [
        "other-chains"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "beta-8ch",
      "dataset": "BETA",
      "people": 70,
      "windows": 11200,
      "channels": 8,
      "classes": 40,
      "folds": 7,
      "chance_level": 0.025,
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        "balanced_accuracy": 0.052589285714285706,
        "interval_95": [
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          "chance_level": 2.5
        },
        "chance_flag": null,
        "validity_gate": "pass"
      },
      "spectral_ridge": {
        "row": "spectral-ridge",
        "file": "beta-8ch-results.csv",
        "balanced_accuracy_percent": 50.705357142857146,
        "recomputed_equal": true
      },
      "comparison_row": {
        "model_id": "reve-large",
        "name": "REVE Large",
        "file": "foundation-models-update.json",
        "balanced_accuracy": 0.5274107142857142,
        "balanced_accuracy_percent": 52.741071428571,
        "selection": "chosen-on-same-folds"
      },
      "negative_control": true,
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        {
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      "caveats": [
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    },
    {
      "id": "beta-4ch",
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      "people": 70,
      "windows": 11200,
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      "classes": 40,
      "folds": 7,
      "chance_level": 0.025,
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          "chance_level": 2.5
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        "chance_flag": null,
        "validity_gate": "pass"
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        "file": "beta-4ch-results.csv",
        "balanced_accuracy_percent": 48.214285714285715,
        "recomputed_equal": true
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        "name": "REVE Large",
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        "balanced_accuracy": 0.46357142857142863,
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      ],
      "caveats": [
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      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "arithmetic-rest",
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      "windows": 2160,
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          "chance_level": 50.0
        },
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        "validity_gate": "pass"
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        "file": "arithmetic-rest-results.csv",
        "balanced_accuracy_percent": 56.75925925925925,
        "recomputed_equal": true
      },
      "comparison_row": {
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        "name": "REVE Large",
        "file": "foundation-models-update.json",
        "balanced_accuracy": 0.6902777777777777,
        "balanced_accuracy_percent": 69.027777777778,
        "selection": "highest-of-specified",
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      "caveats": [
        "other-chains",
        "recording-order"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "p300-target",
      "dataset": "ds006593",
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        "validity_gate": "pass"
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      ],
      "caveats": [
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      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "semantic-target",
      "dataset": "TMNRED / ds005383",
      "people": 30,
      "windows": 3600,
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      "classes": 2,
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        },
        "chance_flag": null,
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      },
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        "row": "spectral-ridge",
        "file": "semantic-target-results.csv",
        "balanced_accuracy_percent": 51.027777777777786,
        "recomputed_equal": true
      },
      "comparison_row": {
        "model_id": "reve-large",
        "name": "REVE Large",
        "file": "foundation-models-update.json",
        "balanced_accuracy": 0.5966666666666666,
        "balanced_accuracy_percent": 59.666666666667,
        "selection": "highest-of-specified",
        "candidates": 13
      },
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        {
          "id": "P1",
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        {
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        }
      ],
      "caveats": [
        "erp-low-band"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "sleep-scalp",
      "dataset": "EESM19 scalp subset",
      "people": 20,
      "windows": 3000,
      "channels": 6,
      "classes": 5,
      "folds": 5,
      "chance_level": 0.2,
      "comparator": {
        "balanced_accuracy": 0.66,
        "interval_95": [
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        "macro_f1": 0.6355865760914824,
        "percent": {
          "balanced_accuracy": 66.0,
          "interval_95": [
            63.033333333333,
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          ],
          "chance_level": 20.0
        },
        "chance_flag": null,
        "validity_gate": "pass"
      },
      "spectral_ridge": {
        "row": "spectral-ridge",
        "file": "sleep-scalp-results.csv",
        "balanced_accuracy_percent": 72.23333333333333,
        "recomputed_equal": true
      },
      "comparison_row": {
        "model_id": "steegformer-large",
        "name": "ST-EEGFormer Large",
        "file": "foundation-models-update.json",
        "balanced_accuracy": 0.7959999999999999,
        "balanced_accuracy_percent": 79.6,
        "selection": "highest-of-specified",
        "candidates": 14
      },
      "negative_control": false,
      "contrasts": [
        {
          "id": "P1",
          "role": "primary",
          "against": "spectral_ridge",
          "difference": -0.06233333333333334,
          "interval_95": [
            -0.08499999999999999,
            -0.03900000000000002
          ],
          "difference_pp": -6.233333333333,
          "interval_pp": [
            -8.5,
            -3.9
          ],
          "reading": "below",
          "at_least_practical_margin": true
        },
        {
          "id": "S1",
          "role": "secondary",
          "against": "comparison_row",
          "difference": -0.13599999999999998,
          "interval_95": [
            -0.158,
            -0.11366666666666672
          ],
          "difference_pp": -13.6,
          "interval_pp": [
            -15.8,
            -11.366666666667
          ],
          "reading": "below",
          "at_least_practical_margin": true
        }
      ],
      "caveats": []
    }
  ],
  "caveats": [
    {
      "id": "beta-control",
      "text": "Run as a broad-band control stated before scoring: 5 broad bands cannot resolve 40 targets 0.2 Hz apart.",
      "where": [
        "/protocols/beta-8ch/#logpower-ridge",
        "/protocols/beta-4ch/#logpower-ridge"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "erp-low-band",
      "text": "On these 1-second windows the 1–4 Hz band partly carries slow drift within the window and the slow ERP itself, as the Spectral ridge row’s lowest bins do.",
      "where": [
        "/protocols/p300-target/#logpower-ridge",
        "/protocols/semantic-target/#logpower-ridge"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "other-chains",
      "text": "The band-power rows in the pilot studies panels on this cohort come from their own input chains and are read on their own.",
      "where": [
        "/protocols/mi-rest/#logpower-ridge",
        "/protocols/arithmetic-rest/#logpower-ridge"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "recording-order",
      "text": "Recording order on this protocol: the limits below ↓",
      "where": [
        "/protocols/arithmetic-rest/#logpower-ridge"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "sleep-periodogram",
      "text": "On sleep staging the 30-second spectrum is one long periodogram; the Spectral ridge row averages 29 Welch segments of 2 seconds, and the frozen encoders average 15 segments of 2 seconds.",
      "where": [
        "/methods/#log-band-power-ridge"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "fixed-alpha",
      "text": "Alpha is fixed at 100, as for every published ridge row; it was not tuned for 5 features per channel.",
      "where": [
        "/methods/#log-band-power-ridge"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "methods_lines": {
    "s2": {
      "text": "Choosing the ridge alpha by the project's train-only rule (from 1, 100 and 10,000) in place of the fixed alpha 100 gave paired differences whose 95% intervals included zero on all seven protocols."
    },
    "d1": {
      "text_before": "Computing the same 5 bands on the microvolt windows (250 Hz, no per-window scaling or clipping) in place of the scaled 200 Hz view gave paired differences whose 95% intervals included zero on six protocols; on the 4-channel BETA protocol the difference, scaled view minus microvolt view, was",
      "protocol": "beta-4ch",
      "difference_pp": 0.392857142857,
      "interval_pp": [
        0.0625,
        0.741071428571
      ],
      "text_after": ", a small difference."
    }
  },
  "rights": {
    "data": [
      {
        "dataset": "ds003810",
        "licence": "CC0-1.0",
        "record": "mi-rest-protocol.json"
      },
      {
        "dataset": "EEGMAT",
        "licence": "ODC-By 1.0",
        "record": "arithmetic-rest-protocol.json"
      },
      {
        "dataset": "ds006593",
        "licence": "CC0-1.0",
        "record": "p300-target-protocol.json"
      },
      {
        "dataset": "TMNRED / ds005383",
        "licence": "CC BY 4.0, the stricter of the CC0 metadata and the CC BY 4.0 publication terms",
        "record": "semantic-target-protocol.json"
      },
      {
        "dataset": "EESM19 scalp subset",
        "licence": "CC0-1.0",
        "record": "sleep-scalp-protocol.json"
      },
      {
        "dataset": "BETA",
        "licence": "CC BY 4.0",
        "record": "beta-8ch-protocol.json and beta-4ch-protocol.json"
      }
    ],
    "comparison_rows": "cited by their published values; their published credits apply",
    "code": "the project’s own code, run with numpy, scipy and scikit-learn (BSD-3-Clause)",
    "third_party_weights_run": false
  },
  "release_record": {
    "date": "2026-11-06",
    "decided": "2026-11-05",
    "placement_decided": "2026-11-06",
    "decision": "Publish the log band-power ridge (5 bands, visible channels) as its audited aggregates beside the Spectral ridge row of seven core protocols: one section on each protocol page, a methods section and one figure-free pointer, outside the core matrix, the home matrix, every leaderboard and the register.",
    "rights": "The seven protocols keep their released data records (ds003810, ds006593 and the EESM19 scalp subset CC0-1.0; EEGMAT ODC-By 1.0; TMNRED CC BY 4.0, the stricter of its two stated terms; BETA CC BY 4.0). The comparison rows are cited by their published values under their published credits. The comparator is the project’s own code, run with numpy, scipy and scikit-learn (BSD-3-Clause); no third-party weights or code were run.",
    "research_release": "The study’s records mark it complete, independently audited (102 of 102 checks) and checked for interpretation, with export conditions and no hold; they do not themselves authorise publication. Publication on the site rests on the site owner’s decision of 2026-11-05, with its placement decided on 2026-11-06."
  },
  "audits": {
    "numeric": "102 of 102 checks pass, independent code",
    "interpretation_review": "pass with export conditions",
    "bridges": "the published Spectral ridge and comparison rows reproduced at 0.0 pp on all seven protocols"
  },
  "not_published": [
    "Per-window predictions, per-person scores, per-fold values and row identifiers.",
    "Features, fitted scalers and heads, the ridge alpha chosen in each fold, and the inner validation scores.",
    "The values of two internal checks, a train-selected alpha and a microvolt input view, and their per-protocol differences: the methods entry prints their two approved summary lines.",
    "An input view without window-mean removal, which was never scored.",
    "Bridge and validity-gate receipts beyond pass or fail.",
    "Compute, hosts, paths and run times.",
    "The research protocol, aggregate, audit, reviews and handoffs themselves, pinned by SHA-256 in the release manifest."
  ],
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    "inputs_sha256": "52d2ca94a8245de6c6a53e4f57abe108b88ef9f4dfc1c101fcb5ca8b870b9505",
    "freeze_sha256": "6d56f9d58deffc5bf8a84482edcc59bf30aeb24ad2cb70efebeb84e0c1aac3aa",
    "aggregate_sha256": "f068619334bdd0882c6bba550a1f3dfe8fe0f8ac22a4d6f53fa100a0a5d3000c",
    "seal_sha256": "724011a103b0932ea9aca637ddcd1308d0af542d3ab05c3bad0a5017064fa8a2",
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    "interpretation_review_sha256": "cfb0ac20ac5e72f5980407d422f07c2ba2f72ed4ec32c4a8e50730e7e703d81c",
    "results_handoff_sha256": "0b1bba46b4bc22df3bb2d17ba4416125c4720d209d4dfdf4319ace2ab4b5d504",
    "run_handoff_sha256": "43b9d7fccf4be67354dbe5dfeee8b63a9221fc83649a460cd36084986f87c75c",
    "comparison_payload_sha256": {
      "mvp.json": "113de335c17043bd9f720cf6e46663ff8bb2a11ddedaa49282765ed732807cd0",
      "foundation-models-update.json": "eaaaaccb2e8b70cacc85db71726d63de036c83c3d60b7b4a9097f9aafafad13a",
      "eegpt-core-update.json": "8563862b961a226636d1349ec62f5bfd4fe922bda326c27fbcf7557e2d277a26"
    },
    "released_files_unchanged": [
      "mvp.json",
      "experiments.json",
      "foundation-models-update.json",
      "eegpt-core-update.json",
      "neurolm-eegmat-update.json",
      "neurorvq-update.json",
      "eegmat-ten-second-update.json"
    ]
  },
  "rounding": {
    "rule": "exact value rounded half away from zero at the printed precision",
    "helper_sha256": "1aaf37e466d56c55d5737233f6f989276119e4f9da351110251bb026cb8f4c9b",
    "ties": [
      {
        "value": -40.625,
        "fmt": "sgr2",
        "prints": "−40.63"
      },
      {
        "value": -9.75,
        "fmt": "sgr1",
        "prints": "−9.8"
      },
      {
        "value": 4.75,
        "fmt": "pct1raw",
        "prints": "4.8%"
      }
    ]
  }
}